East Java Students' Action as a Form of National Defense: A Case Study of the East Java Action Calling for Justice Against “Indonesia Gelap” in Surabaya

Abstract

The student demonstration in East Java, titled "Seruan Jatim Menggugat: Indonesia Gelap", was a response to the democratic crisis and social injustice felt by society. This study aims to examine how the action reflects the values of patriotism within the framework of civil participation. A descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach was applied. Data were collected through media documentation, field observation, and semi-structured interviews with the action coordinator. The findings show that this demonstration represents a form of non-military patriotism expressed through moral, intellectual, and democratic means. The students acted as the nation’s conscience by voicing constructive criticism of government policies. The action also emphasizes that patriotism is not limited to military efforts, but can be realized through the active role of citizens who care about the nation’s future.